What is the typical efficiency of transformers?

Transformers are highly efficient devices used in electrical distribution and transmission systems. The typical efficiency of modern transformers generally exceeds 90%, often reaching values around 95% to 98%. This means that for every unit of electrical energy input, a significant portion is successfully converted to useful output energy while only a small percentage is lost primarily due to heat and losses in the core and winding resistances.

Efficiency levels can vary based on factors including the design, size, and load conditions of the transformer, but in most industrial applications, the performance is engineered to ensure efficiency remains high. This is essential, as higher efficiency translates into lower operational costs and reduced energy loss, making transformers a crucial component in energy management and sustainability efforts.

The other options suggest lower efficiencies or a perfect 100%, which is practically unattainable due to unavoidable losses in any electrical system. Therefore, the assertion that transformers operate at efficiencies greater than 90% provides a realistic expectation of their performance in real-world applications.