What determines the maximum output power of a transformer?

The maximum output power of a transformer is determined by its rated voltage and current. This is because the transformer's output power (measured in watts) can be calculated by multiplying the voltage across the secondary winding by the current flowing through it. The rated voltage reflects the appropriate operational level at which the transformer is designed to function, while the rated current indicates the maximum amount of current the transformer can handle safely without overheating or sustaining damage.

Transformers are built to specific standards, which define the maximum voltage and current they can process. Exceeding these ratings can lead to core saturation, overheating, and potential failure. Therefore, understanding and adhering to a transformer's rated voltage and current is crucial for ensuring it operates efficiently and safely. The wire gauge, input power, and physical size may influence various performance characteristics, but the rated voltage and current are the primary determinants of the maximum output power the transformer can provide.