Substations are primarily used to do what?

Substations play a critical role in the electric power system, and their primary function is to transform voltage levels. This transformation is essential for the efficient transmission of electricity over long distances. High voltage levels are used to minimize losses in the transmission lines; as electricity travels, it encounters resistance, and higher voltage reduces these losses.

Once the electricity reaches its destination or a distribution area, substations lower the voltage to a safer level for distribution to homes and businesses. This process ensures that the electricity delivered is at a suitable voltage for end-use applications. Additionally, while substations can include equipment for improving power quality and may have some minor energy storage capabilities, these are not their primary functions. Generating electricity is typically done at power plants, not substations.