In terms of transformer power output, what does kVA measure?

kVA, which stands for kilovolt-amperes, measures the apparent power output of a transformer, expressing its power capacity. This unit indicates the maximum amount of electrical power the transformer can handle at a specified voltage level without exceeding its design limits. The use of kVA takes into account both the voltage and the current flowing through the transformer, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of the device's ability to supply power to a load.

Transformers are typically rated in kVA rather than kilowatts (kW) because kVA considers the total electrical load, which includes both resistive and reactive components. This is particularly significant in alternating current (AC) circuits where power factor comes into play, affecting the actual power consumed by the load. In contrast, choices such as current flow, energy efficiency, and voltage rating do not provide a complete picture of how much electrical power a transformer can deliver effectively, making kVA a critical measurement for evaluating transformer performance and suitability for specific applications.