Ignoring losses, what remains constant on both sides of a transformer?

In a transformer, the concept of conservation of energy is critical. Ignoring losses (which are not present in an ideal transformer), the power on both the primary and secondary sides remains constant. This is due to the principle that the input power must equal the output power in an efficient system where no energy is lost.

Transformers work by converting electrical energy from one voltage level to another while maintaining the overall power. The formula that represents this relationship is:

Power (Input) = Voltage (Input) x Current (Input) = Power (Output) = Voltage (Output) x Current (Output)

Therefore, for an ideal transformer where the losses are negligible, the power remains constant. This means that although the voltage and current can vary on each side of the transformer (with voltage increasing leading to a decrease in current, or vice versa), the total power calculated from voltage and current on both sides of the transformer is equal. This principle is fundamental to the operation of transformers in electrical systems.