How does an increase in the primary voltage affect the secondary output of a transformer with a fixed turns ratio?

An increase in the primary voltage of a transformer with a fixed turns ratio directly affects the secondary output, resulting in an increase in the secondary voltage. This is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, where the relationship between primary and secondary voltages is determined by the turns ratio of the transformer.

For a transformer, the formula that describes this relationship is:

[ V_p / V_s = N_p / N_s ]

Where:

• ( V_p ) is the primary voltage,

• ( V_s ) is the secondary voltage,

• ( N_p ) is the number of turns in the primary winding, and

• ( N_s ) is the number of turns in the secondary winding.

If the primary voltage increases while the turns ratio remains unchanged, the secondary voltage must also increase proportionally. This increase occurs because the transformer transforms the input voltage based on its turns ratio, so any change in the primary voltage leads to a corresponding change in the secondary output.

This relationship is fundamental in transformer operation and explains why an increased primary voltage results in a higher secondary voltage, thereby increasing the secondary output. Understanding this principle is essential for effectively utilizing transformers in electrical systems.